Day 7 of 11 — Class 7 (Post-Exam 1)

Multi-Story
Building Frame

Build a full 3D multi-story RC frame in ETABS. Define story heights, bays, columns, beams, and slab dead/live loads. This is the core model you'll use through Day 10.

ETABS 3D Frame Gravity Loads BNBC
01 — Why

Why multi-story changes everything

A 2D beam or portal is easy to verify by hand. A 3D multi-story frame with 5 floors, 4 bays, and lateral loads is not — you need software. But you also need to know when the software is wrong.

CO1 target: After Days 7–10 you should be able to model a complete RC building frame with gravity + wind + seismic loads, extract design forces for columns and beams, and verify using code equations.
Content Coming Soon Why load path matters: gravity flows from slab → beam → column → foundation. In a multi-story frame, columns carry cumulative load from every floor above.
02 — Concept

From one floor to many

A multi-story frame is a stacked series of one-story frames, but columns are now continuous elements that carry gravity from every floor above and must also resist lateral loads.

Content Coming Soon Story height and its effect on column slenderness. Tributary area concept for slab loads. How slab loads become beam loads (one-way vs. two-way distribution). Column axial force accumulation per floor.
03 — Walkthrough

Step-by-step: 3-story RC frame in ETABS

Build a 3-bay × 3-bay × 3-story frame (4 m bays, 3 m stories) with 300×500 beams, 400×400 columns, and 150 mm slabs.

01

New model — 3D grid

File → New Model → Grid Only. Set X: 3 bays @ 4 m, Y: 3 bays @ 4 m, Z: 3 stories @ 3 m. Total building: 12×12×9 m.

02

Define and assign sections

Create beam section B300×500, column section C400×400, slab section S150 (shell). Assign beams along X and Y grid lines, columns at intersections, slabs to each floor.

03

Set base restraints (fixed)

Select all ground-floor column base nodes → Assign → Joint → Restraints → Fixed. This is standard for RC building frames.

04

Apply floor dead and live loads

Select all slab elements per floor → Assign → Shell Loads → Uniform. DEAD: self-weight (auto) + superimposed 2 kN/m². LIVE: 3 kN/m² (office, per BNBC Table 6.2.1).

05

Define BNBC gravity combination

1.4D or 1.2D + 1.6L (take the larger). Run linear static. Check column axial forces — ground floor should be highest.

04 — Check Yourself

Gravity load verification

Before adding lateral loads on Day 8, verify your gravity model.

Interactive Checker Coming Soon Enter your floor plan dimensions, live load, and dead load → get expected ground-floor column axial force. Compare with ETABS output. If they differ by more than 10%, there's a modelling error.